Engine



v1,469,836 W. A. HOLDINGHAUSEN Oct. V9 1923.

ENGINE Filed Jan. 19, 1920 5 sheets-sheet 1' Oct. 9 1923. 1,469,836

W. A. HOLDINGHAUSEN ENGINE Filed Jan. 19, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 2. ,3 3J ZJO P Oct. 9 1923.

W. A. HOLDINGHAUSEN Y ENGINE Filed Jan. 19, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented '()cti4 9,

WILLIAM n. AH.oLID'INGHAUSEN,Y or'fgolovls, iinvi'ivrnxico.

To all whom t may concern; Be it kno'Wnthat I, NVILLiAM A. I-IoLD'.`

' INGHAUSEN, a citizen ofthenited States,

tion.

'and' has'v for its 'bedying my improvements; Y Y '.Fig.l 2 1s aV longitudinal section of the residing Vat Clovis, in thecounty of Curry and State-of New Mexico, have invented certain new. and yuseful Improvements in En-Yv gines, of livhi'ch the followingis a specifica- Thisinvention relates to alsteain object the provision ofaV novel .con's`tructi-on .by the use of which the driving shaftmay' be 'rotated in either direction land power Will be applied continu? ously thereto. The invention seeks topro vide novel means for controlling-the flow of steam to the shaft'propelling members and exhausting thefstea'm therefrom, and" also .seeks to provide a construction which will utilizeV the expansive Vforce of theY steamin such .a manner as `to avoidloss of energy andy n Y veffect an economy in use of' fuel; Incidental' objects' of the invention Will kappear inthe" course ofthe following description.

In'the accompany-ing dr'avvings-` ,Y y Figure `l V1s an eleva-tion of an engine ein 3 is a transverse section onthe linel 3;3'fofFig. 2.;

Figa is a transverse section 'on Vtheline 4 4 #Figa Fig. 5 is 'a'detail sectic'malV elevation, theV section bei-ng'approximat'ely on :the line 5-'5' of Fig. 2; 1

Fig. 6 is a similar-*view 'approximately on lthe line 6&6 ofA Fig. 2. n Y

l In carrying out my invention, I'einploy acylindrical casing` inthe ends of which a'driving crank sh'aftrisjour'naled and upon A one end fof Whichis mounted a plurality of valveslfor" controlling the admission and exhaust of'steam; thecrank shaftghafving one end extended to carry a controlling cam Which acts upon the stenfisl of said valvesg Injthe'nd'ravvings the reference numeral '1" indicatfelslk one end plate of Y the Vcylindrical casing and2indieates ahead plate Vforming a vpart of' the'fcircumferential wall `o f-the casing. "A pluralityofsaid head platesis i provided, the number being determined by :the number fof"working chambers Within"4 the casing andplbe'tween the epposed edges of adjacent` head fplates are fitted corner y 'bars or 'strips` Which are rigidly secured tothe head platesby cap bolts fand on enginesinner sides, carry partitionsgkvvhicgh entend into'the (':asing between the end' plates of thef f l same,v anddivide the casing-interiorly into' an annular series" of Working chambers;1

Upon re'ference to Fig. 4, it vvill benoted' jthatfjthe partitions 5 vare arcuate, the arc de;

-fined'by each p-artitionbeing concentric'with il' theV pivote of a blade7 which`vvorksfvvithinl the chamber defined'byfsuccessivepartitions]k Thefpivot 6 is locatedgin the angle formed V by the inner-face of a' head block` 2" and the convex face'of an adjacent partitionand the bl'ad e""7 Vextends from Uthepivot across the Working chamber to the ypartition at'the op@ positeside of the chamber. `'The pivotis a .ro'do'r longpinvvhich `extends' through-"the" y end Walls of the casingand has itsend'sl fitted in socket plates 8 secured upon theouter sur;

facesfof the end Walls. "The 'pivotal edgeof the'V blade is formed 'Withv'af hinge or 'sleeve member 9 through'whichthe-saidfpivot rod orfpin 6j passes andvvhichseatsin the.v adje-1v cent pa/ition 5, as. shown at 10, Asa-id parti-- l tion being constructed With.,av-*reces'sorcaviy ity" Within Whicli'is a 'packing Strip 12` and aspiring 13 tojhold thepackingafgainst` the sleeve or hinge member 10 Wh'Qreb-Y leak?.

age of''steam' around o-rfthrough the ioint will'be prevented.r` The freev sidejedge andi both eIvld-edges ofthe bladefarebeveled, 'asf shown at 147,'anda packing strip 15 Vis seated i on the said beveled'edge so as to bear yagainst the' adjacent Vpartition vand the endwalls'of a the chamber 'and preventleakage of steam soy that the full force ofthe steam "will beV The packing stripk is held to the edge of ythe'` blade by-lugs or holding strips lwformed on or carried by", theblade, asf-'clearly shown; 1 Ay steam passage` 17 l extendsff from onev end` edge of eachhead plate or block@ toa 18,' at the center 'of 'saidblocle Vwhich opens j intothe'Workingchamber-sci .that' the; steam i' i VWill'y be directe-d vagainst-the Workingface of the.blade. Each blade'is providedonits inner face" near #its freer edge `with a socketA -or lugs l9 lwhichfreceive Vand'lare pivotallyj: Y conne'cted"to 'the' outer' end of a connecting i rod 20, 'the innerend-fof each-rod beingiittedf to .-thefcrank 21"-of theQdrivingshaftQQaIn r thepresent application I haveillustrated an'- enginehavingsix"Working'chambers and, c therefore, have shownA siiblades .and s1x`-,' f .f

connecting rods'.` y:It Will :be notedfthaty the connecting rods are arranged yin pairs, lone ed .of @ach Per haras@ boem he@ 23 )head opposite the side avoid the offsetting of some ot its inner end` which is journaledvdireotly upon the cranlr 2l ot the driving` shaft While Y the its inner end pivotally connected toa lug other rod o'l: thepairis shorter and'has 24 on thebox or head that side ot the i bracethe 'lug 24jand-a pivot-pin or bolt 26 Vend closed by caps der is -finserted through the said forl and said lug. ,Theends oit tie cranl are somewhat elongated, -asjshoivnat 27, so as .to furnish acounterbalance Vtoi-rv the cranked portion of provide" anti-fric-A the shaft. andl l preferably tio-n bearings, indicated lat 28. in the end W :ls {ot the casing so that the trictional resistance-.to the rotation of thesha'l't will be,

minimized. l 1 y AAVQn the end'ivall 29 oi the casing, l torni or secure a plurality of ycylinders `which are disposed concentrically with an d radially to the drivingshatt 'andhave their respective v31 and 32. Each cylinprovidediivith a lining or bushing .33 and in each'cylinder is a balanced aiston valve 34. "llrieoutejrv cap 3]. ot each cylinder isfconst'ructed centrally with a' seat 35 to rei ceive'aspring 36 which bears upon the outer end of thev'a'lveV 34 and the inner cap 32'is constructed- With av gland or packing' box'37 to guide the valve stem 38 and prevent leakf age of steam around the sanne.Y The stein 38 iixed tothe valve 34 and 'bea-rs aga-inst the vand `'equipped Y holding it in' aset position.

controlling cam-*39 which is secu-red upon the driving shattby a key' the -cai'n may be shifted longitudinally ot the shattit is con'strainedto vrotate therewith.k

A stop 'collar 41 is secured upon the driving shatt'at the outer end off' the 'keyf40 and prevents the controlling cani being throivn beyond the lieyso that it cannot Vbe moved to such a point that'the valve stems will not The Acam Ais constructed with' bear upon it. A anannular groove 42 adjacent its outer end in A'which 'groove isfengaged'the end ot a. shifting lever 43-W'hich may be -ulcrumed in` any 'convenient Vmanner adjacent-the engine With any desired. means A for Y.The Vcam *is constructed ivith tivo'circuinteren'tial Working facesv 44 'and 45 which are duplicates in.Y form 'but are arranged reversely one to the other so that vthe driving sha-ft Will be caused Hto rotate'V infone -ort'he otherdirection accordingly las Vone Lor the other VWorking. tace isbrbugl'it to bear'upoii the inner ends' oit-the valve stems. The Working faces are separated 'from Y Which the -s'o that WhileV bya 'circular concentric Vcircumterent-iai* Jface 46 andy When thecam is shifted so that thel said tace 46 is engaged the inner endsot the valve stems all the valvesvill be brought .to ltheir innermost"positions and, conse-` quently, fz'he engine will remain neutral and Y-inopcrative `.inasmuch as no steam Will be permitted 'to pass by the valves but all the steam Will be held vquiescent in the groove 48. lt will be readily noted that the several springs act inopposition" to the Cain 44 or so Yas' to holdthe valve stems in engage-V ment ivithcthe -ivorlring `cam and thereby insure the proper operation vot )the valves. Each valve has av minute .passage 47je'xtending longitudinally therethrough so that any steam vWhich may possibly -l'eak past `theV pack-ing strips at the inner. end ot the valveV will bejpermitted-to iovv to and through the outer .end of the valve and thence escape through the exhaust port so ,that it ivill 'not be. trapped at th'einner end ot the :valve cylinder t0 create back pressure upon the valve 'Wiliicfhpivou-ldinterrere Withits proper Y operati-on. 4ln the end .ivall 29 Aot the engine casing; adjacentl each cylinder 30 are three portsr48., 49 and4 50, `the intermediate port? 49 forming the outer end of the passage 17 in the adjacent head block 2 and the-ports 4Sand 50 toi-ming branches'trom the an-VY nular grooves 5l and 52, respectively,.in the Wall 29. All thjeports open rinto aiinuflar Y`groovesin the ivall'ot'the valve cylinder and ports are formed inthe bushingfto permit flow from the respect-ivey grooves.' The central'groove `53 and the Vports ,54 are merely a transfer chan-nel, the live steam flowing therethrough `from the cylinder to the' Working chamber -toactuate the blade or piston and the exhaust steam flowing in the' opposite direction Vfrom 'the wor-king chamber'to the cylinderzthrough the same ports. The lgroove 51 is a steam supply groove, live steam being'ted to said groove through'an inlet. 55, provided at any convenient point the'casing, and passing to thevalv@ cylinder through rthe groove 56 andy ports 57,-'While the groove52v is an ex lia-ustor escape flue, being'provided with an outlet 5 8 at any convenient point andl rieceivingv Ythe vexhaust steam, through the groove 59 andfports 60. f Thefvalves 3.4.VV arev of the balanced piston type and each lconsists of an intermediate reduced. body por- Mtion'anda head 6l at each end of the body portion 'provided with packingfvvhichitits closely to the bushing or, lining'l so that the tlogiv' otstea-ni/past the ends 'of the valve Will be prevent-ed. and the steam directed into the yWorkingchambers or permitted to eXf` haust .tlfierefromfaccording to the position ott-heyalve; #Referring to Fig; 2, when the valve is in the position .shown at the top of the-figure;A the steam admittedto the' inlet passage 48 will, tlovv through the adjacent iio isc

' 1 V`groove 56 andports 5,7.into the chamber yde- ,ined by thebushing andthe valve and will then flow from said chamber into the VportV 49 vand lthence through'theipassagejl? and port 18 into the adjacent `Working AVchambtuf.V Then the valve Vis in the positionl v shown. at the bottom yof FigQ, the passage 1T will be in communication Withthe exhaust port 50and cutioff from the inlet passage 48 so vthat/steam.entering the valve cylinder Y from the inlet passage Willbe held in the chamb'crdei'ined by the bushing or lining andthe valve, and theV steam kin the adjacent Y Working Chamber may escape therefrom and the open airor be or the bollen'.

enter the exhaust passage soV as to flow into The positionsof the valvesin Fig. 3 corre'- spond to the .positions of'thebladesin Fig.. VReferringV to said Ygures, it Will bel noted that the Vval-ve ais infsuch a position.' @that the ports 60 :are .closedrand the, :inlet- .ports 57 Vare in conimunicationivith Vthe'p'orts 54 and steam VWill flow to the adjacent WorkV` ing chamber, the Working blade in said chamber being at the'outerlimit'pof its movei .,.grnent-QY Thewalve b is Vat the outer limit of l,its movement, like theyiallveV ai, and the portV leadingltothe adjacent Working-chamber is gjthe'blade therein 4receives-the fullVp-ressuref ofthesteam, but saidbladehas been movedl fully uncovered so thatgtheffullforce-vof theV steam is Aadmitted tothe said chamherand partly inward'. They valve o is in such position that the port leadingito the adjacent i v 'working chamber istully'covered and, con-V qsequently, the :blade in the corresponding- Wor'king chamber is being forced inwardly by the expansion of the steam in said chamber'unaided by the, impact or velocity; of the steam, the live steam merely `flowing around and past the valve; The` next'valvel 'i (Z is in exhaust position under, the combined actionwofthe cam andthe spring '36 so that While the blade in the adjacent' Working Y Vchamber is at the innerlimit of its 'stroke `be rotated to the left and the pressure of theblade. in the position a will be exerted upon/theishaft to continue the rotation as soon as the dead center is cleared. While the pressure upon the blade 1n the position a may possibly be greaterthan in the other4 carried backto a condenserv position ,name-d the expansion of the steam in `the position 0 is applied inconjunction with the y pressure from the `positionf* so that the dead center will berea'dily kpassed andV the crank shaft rotated positively and continuously. VIfitlbfeldesiredto rotate the crankshaftfrom leftto'rightjof Fig. 4, the con't'rollinglever'i .is-'Swung'so as to shiftV the cam outwardly' and bringk the .Working surface 45 into engagementrwith the inner ro i ends ofthe-several,valve stems` so that the initial pressure; will be exerted at jtheileft side ofthe engine instead-` of the'right side f as in lthe position shown, the engine being illustrated as arranged vto-rotate from right tolera-x It Willbe notedthatthecontrollingi r 'i cam hasits Working vface formed in three Q sections, each of `Which is concevntric'vvvith" e the driving shaft andii's connectedvvith the meeting sections by shoulders orfldrops.v "lhje highest elevation or thatV portion `(SQof the- Vcam, vhaving the greatest rafdiusl is the feed-i,

ing-portion' andholds'the valvein the` posiffy tion a. of Fig. 3 as long as it bears upon the vvalve stein. Asthe shatt'22 rotates, the cam'` Will be likewiseqrotated and .the intermediate or lap portion '63fof thecarnwillnbe:brought linto engagement with thevalve stem andthe Y valve shiftedso that theflivefsjtea-mwill be, cut off and the blade will then be actuated solely by the expansion of` thesteain.' lThe continued rotation of the cam Will'lbring the lowest portion (Stof itstvorking. surface intoengage'ment with theval've stemfA whereupon the lexhaust port will be opened to the working chamber and the' :steam ivill be discharged. lltnisf' to 4be noted that the exhaustsurface 64:` is` long enou'glrto engage three valvest'ein's atl onetime and the,V exhaust is consequently vopenglong enough Under l to vdischarge 'all ""thefv f'spentfrsteain. n some conditions;- it may begpossible and deico" Sirablev to shorten the period ofs'teaniiad!Y mission and, toaccoinplish thisv result, I dispose the shoulder or drop between the 65in Fig. lthereby giving theffeeding portion 62 .a variable circumferential extent so thatby shiftingv the cani longitudinallyy of the shaft, the point at which thesteam Will be out oif may be varied.

portions GQa-nd 68 obliquely, asfshoWn at I i My. engine is simplein .the construction Y and arrangement ofits parts, is

sembled or repaired. "The power'of the compact andrmay be very easily manufactured, vetssteamr is utilized fully/so that the crank 'f i shaft WillV be rotatedV continuously and it point and connected With machinery to vbe the crank shaft, there always being three obviously may be extended to any desirefd.

,driveli through any' convenient formQof f gearing. Y, The engine is Well balanced` sov 'I -ft-hat it Will `run evenlyand smoothly and f povverivillY be applied uninterruptedly to working chambers :receiving steam and three Y comprising a phI bars inserted' bet exhausting. Y

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new i's:

l, An engine having `'an `apilii'oirima'tely cylindrical, vstat on the partition the vcorner Jformed ytween the head plate and the convexY side ot tatblade Y oneof the said partitions, said extending acrossy the chainliier and adaptedtoY 'Contact with thc conret side ot V tl'ie other partition forming said chamber, the vcon-v Vex side ofeach partition being conceiiti'ic with the axis oit' the hinge in its chamber; a crank' shaft extending Aaxially thr'ofngh the casing, linked connection between said crank shaft and each of said blades, and means for Y admitting' fluid under pressure to, and eX'- hausting it from Vthe several working lch'air-ibers successively.

.2. An engine having an a] ip'ro: i `inately cylindrical, stationary f casing, "said casing' comprising a plurality ofhead plates, corner bars inserted between said head plm'es and securely attached theretoby means holtsf or the like, arcuate partitions on said corner bars eXending radial direction between said head plates to form abutments, said partitions being ar-' Q cuate, a working r chamber being Vformedv between each pair of adjacent partitions and an intermediary hea,d plate;.a Hat bladein io-*ia'ry casing, said casing,r

lityof head plates, corner inwardly in` lsubstantially7 ijlieefe'se Veach of vvsaid working :chambers hingedfon the partition Vin Vthe lcorner :'orined between the headplateand the convexY side et one Ojtsaid partitions, said flat blade extending across thechambei' and adapted yto contact with the convex 'side vot Vtheother partition foi ming' said vc liai'iibe i tliecoiiven side @teach partition being 'concentric .with thefaiiis 'of the hinge in `its chamber; acrank shaiit eX- ten/cling 'axially through the casing, linked connection betweensaid crank shaft andeach oit" said blades, means 'for admitting v'fluid under pressui'eto, and ex'h ansting it from ,the several chambers fsiccessii'fe'ly, packing strips' along .the workingedges o'll each blade, and holding' fingers for Securing saidst'rips to each blade.

' 3. An engine having` an appr. oirii'nately cylindrical stationary casing' said' casing comprising a plurality of head plates, .corner bars inserted between said head :plates and securely attached .thereto 'by means of bolts nii-the like, arcuate partitions on said corner bars extending inwardly' in substantially' radial direction between said head plates to forni abutments, saidI partitionsbeing arcuate., a working chamber bein" Yformed between each pair of adjacent partitions "and intermedi ary the partition in the corner Yformed between theh'ead pla-te Aand the-eonvexsi de of oneft said partitions, said 'Hat'k blade 1adapted1-to contact with the convex side of Vthe other partitionV torming said chamber, acrank shaft extending Vaxially through the casing, linked conne'ctionbetween said rank shaft and each of said blades, and ineans'tor admittingifluid under pressure to, and eX@ hausting' it from the several working chambers snccessively. l

In testimony Vwhereotl afliX my signature.

WILLAM A. HLDINGHUSEN. [L 8.]

head plate; a Hat blade 1in ,each ot ,said working chambers hinged 'on 

